HIV/AIDS UPDATE 10 Text: Substance Abuse Treatment for Persons With HIV/AIDS: TIP 37 By: Steven L. Batki, MD and Peter A. Sewyn, MD, MPH Exam Copyright © 2000 by: Institute of Addiction Awareness 24881 Alicia Pkwy, #E-519 Laguna Hills, CA 92653 CEUInstitute.com 949-643-3802 A. INTRODUCTION TO HIV/AIDS 01. Researchers believe the virus responsible for AIDS crossed over from ________________ to humans when hunters were exposed to infected blood. a. monkeys b. chimpanzees c. sheep d. none of the above 02. In _____________ the number of new AIDS cases and deaths from AIDS began to decline in the US. a. 1981 b. 1996 c. 1999 d. none of the above 03. A woman is _____________ times more likely to contract HIV though vaginal intercourse if a man is infected than the reverse situation. a. two b. four c. eight d. none of the above 04. Circumcision: a. plays a protective role in preventing HIV infection. b. can actually increase the rate of HIV transmission. c. both a. and b. above d. none of the above 05. The ___________________ between the time of infection and the time when an ELISA test for HIV becomes positive are called the "window period". a. 1 - 2 weeks b. 6 - 12 weeks c. 6 - 12 months d. none of the above 06. HIV prevalence is higher among: a. African Americans. b. Hispanics. c. Caribbean immigrants. d. none of the above 07. The highest HIV and AIDS rates among at risk populations are: a. men who have sex with men. b. intravenous drug users. c. sex workers. d. the homeless. 08. The ________________ region of the United States had the most AIDS cases. a. Northeast b. North c. South d. Midwest 09. A recent study reported that the confirmed rate of AIDS cases among incarcerated people in State and Federal prisons is more than ______________the general population. a. twice as high as b. four times higher than c. six times higher than in d. none of the above B. MEDICAL ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT 10. Most enter medical care ______________________ of receiving positive test results. a. 3 days b. 3 weeks c. 3 months d. 1 year 11. __________________ theory describes the necessity that an individual believe not only that an action will achieve its desired goal but also that he will be able to perform the action effectively. a. Expectancy b. Compliance c. Self-efficacy d. none of the above 12. Postexposure Prophylaxis is administered _________ after exposure to HIV. a. 24 hours b. 48 hours c. 72 hours d. none of the above 13. A normal CD4+ T cell count ranges from: a. 5 to 14. b. 50 to 140. c. 500 to 1400. d. none of the above 14. The average yearly decline of CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-infected clients is _________________ cells per year. a. 10 - 30 b. 30 - 60 c. 30 - 90 d. none of the above 15. In 1998 the prevalence of depression among HIV-infected persons was estimated at ___________ percent. a. 10 - 20 b. 20- 30 c. 30 - 40 d. none of the above 16. The validated protocol for HIV/AIDS pain therapy is the _____________ protocol. a. American Society of Addiction Medicine b. Department of Public Health c. World Health Organization d. none of the above C. MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT 17. In some studies of substance abusers, the lifetime prevalence of mental disorders is as high as ______ percent. a. 51 b. 55 c. 79 d. none of the above 18. The percentage of HIV-infected substance abusers with psychiatric disorders _________ percent. a. 51 b. 55 c. 79 d. none of the above 19. One study found ______________ of HIV-infected injection drug users in treatment required psychiatric consultation. a. 51 b. 55 c. 79 d. none of the above 20. There is some evidence that certain psychiatric disorders such as depression and antisocial personality disorder may be ______________ among HIV-infected persons with substance abuse disorders than among HIV-infected gay men. a. more common b. less common c. equally common d. unknown 21. Generally, dementia is most likely to occur in clients with CD4+ T cell counts below __________. a. 50 b. 100 c. 200 d. none of the above 22. In a study of HIV-positive heterosexuals, depression was observed in ________ percent of study participants. a. 14 b. 36 c. 40 d. none of the above 23. In a study of HIV-positive heterosexuals, anxiety was observed in ________ percent of study participants. a. 14 b. 36 c. 40 d. none of the above 24. In a study of HIV-positive heterosexuals, suicidal ideation was observed in ________ percent of study participants. a. 14 b. 36 c. 40 d. none of the above D. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY HIV PREVENTION 25. Primary HIV prevention: a. reduces the prevalence and severity of the disease. b. reduces the incidence of transmission of the disease. c. none of the above 26. Seconday HIV prevention: a. reduces the prevalence and severity of the disease. b. reduces the incidence of transmission of the disease. c. none of the above 27. A comprehensive approach to HIV prevention includes all of the following goals EXCEPT: a. Living substance free and sober. b. Slowing or halting the progression of HIV/AIDS. c. Reducing HIV risktaking. d. Reducing the tranmission of HIV. 28. Risk reduction counseling includes all of the following goals EXCEPT: a. Maintaining abstinence. b. Help the client understand the need for behavioral change. c. Provide psychological support for behavioral change. d. Assist the client in developing the appropriate skills to sustain behavioral change. E. INTEGRATING TREATMENT SERVICES 29. Efforts to develop integrated treatment for substance disorders and HIV/AIDS should include all of the following components EXCEPT: a. Maintaining individual program philosophies. b. A strong case management model. c. Social services at the core of the treatment plan. d. Cooperative eligibility determinations, which ofter are a key barrier to achieving integrated care. 30. The Public Health Model is sometimes called the: a. abstinence model. b. risk-reduction model. c. none of the above F. ACCESSING AND OBTAINING NEEDED SERVICES 31. Case management is the term used for coordinated care of the HIV infected substance abuser and involves all of the following EXCEPT: a. monitoring abstinence. b. attempting to meet the multiple psychosocial needs of the client. c. attempting to meet the multiple physical needs of the client. d. none of the above 32. The signs that the team is not working effectively include all of the following EXCEPT: a. The needs of the client are being met. b. There is uneven or unequal participation. c. One person dominates the discussions d. Members do not show up for meetings. 33. Persons with HIV can have multiple prescriptions, and drug costs may exceed $___________ per month. a. 1000 b. 1500 c. 2000 d. 3000 G. COUNSELING CLIENTS WITH HIV AND SUBTANCE ABUSE DISORDERS 34. The interrelated challenges of both substance abuse and HIV include all of the following EXCEPT: a. both disorders are considered to be chronic, lifelong. b. both are considered to be primary illnesses. c. a diagnosis of HIV infection or related conditions can be a stressor for an individual already in recovery from a substance abuse disorder. 35. Overt homophobia: a. includes violence, verbal abuse, an name-calling. b. includes social standards and norms requiring heterosexuality. c. is acceptance and integration by lesbians and gays of the negative attitudes expressed by society toward them. d. is the system of advantages bestowed on heterosexuals. 36. Cultural competence: a. can be obtained by reading. b. can be obtained by attending a workshop. c. can be obtained by being a member of a minority group. d. is a developmental process. H. ETHICAL ISSUES 37. The Duty To Treat includes the healthcare workers right to refuse to treat under certain situations. a. True b. False 38. The Duty To Warn may supercede legal restrictions. a. True b. False 39. When the client is facing End Of Life issues, the counselor should: a. report all suicide threats. b. provide information on Hemlock Society and Compassion and Dying. c. both a. and b. above d. none of the above 40. Which of the following is not part of the Step-by-Step Model for Making Ethical Decisions: a. Identify the legal issues. b. Identify the ethical issues. c. Identify responsible parties. d. Follow up and evaluation. I. LEGAL ISSUES 41. Substance abusers with HIV/AIDS are protected from discrimination based on disability by the: a. Federal Rehabilitation Act. b. Americans With Disabilities Act. c. both a. and b. above d. none of the above 42. Current abusers have the same protection against discrimination in the workplace, provided they are "qualified" and do not pose a "direct threat" to others in the workplace. a. True b. False 43. The Federal regulations regarding consent are required to contain each of the items below EXCEPT: a. The clients diagnosis. b. The name or title of the individual or organization that will receive the disclosure. c. The name of the client who is the subject of the disclosure. d. The purpose or need for the disclosure. 44. Federal regulations permit the client to revoke consent: a. at any time. b. even if not in writing. c. both a. and b. above d. none of the above 45. Duty to warn is: a. a matter of State law. b. a matter of Federal law. c. both a. and b. above d. none of the above NOTE: Record your answers on Course Completion Form - do not send in your exam.